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    <div class="nav-forward"><A href="resources/chapter1.htm">Chapter 1: Introduction &gt;</A></div>
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<H1>Pure Data Manual</H1>
<H2>Updated for Pd version 0.56-2</H2>
<H3>Table of contents:</H3>
<OL>
    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter1.htm" id="s1"><b>Introduction</b></A>
        <OL>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter1.htm#s1.1">Guide to the documentation</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter1.htm#s1.2">The Help menu</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter1.htm#s1.3">Other resources</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter1.htm#s1.4">Other flavors</A>
        </OL>
    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm" id="s2"><b>Theory of operation</b></A>
        <OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.1">Overview</A>
                <ol>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.1.1">The main window, canvases, and printout</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.1.2">Object boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.1.3">Message and GUI boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.1.4">Patches and files</A>
                </ol>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2">Editing Pd patches</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.1">Edit and run mode</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.2">Creating boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.3">Selecting items and moving them or "tidying them up"</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.4">Delete, cut, copy and paste boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.5">Changing the text of objects, messages and comments</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.6">Connecting and disconnecting boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.2.7">Context menu for 'Properties', 'Open' and 'Help'</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3">Advanced patch editing</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.1">Tab navigation</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.2">Autopatching</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.3">Duplicate connections</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.4">Managing connections with the shift key</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.5">(Dis)Connect selection</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.6">Triggerize</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.3.7">Paste replace</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4">Messages</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4.1">Message types (selectors) and numeric precision</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4.2">Depth first message passing</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4.3">Hot and cold inlets and right to left outlet order</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4.4">Message boxes</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.4.5">Escaping characters</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5">Audio signals</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.1">Sample rate and format</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.2">Tilde objects and audio connections</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.3">Converting audio to and from messages</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.4">Switching and blocking</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.5">Nonlocal signal connections</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.5.6">Multichannel signals</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.6">Scheduling</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.6.1">Audio and messages</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.6.2">Computation load</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.6.3">Determinism</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7">Semantics</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7.1">Creation of objects</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7.2">Persistence of data</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7.3">Message passing</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7.4">Inlets and lists</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.7.5">Dollar signs</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.8">Subpatches</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.8.1">Abstractions</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.8.2">Graph-on-parent subpatches</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.9">Arrays</A>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.10">Data structures</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.10.1">Traversal</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.10.2">Accessing and changing data</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.10.3">Editing</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.10.4">Limitations</A>
                </OL>
            <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.11">Pd vs. MAX</A>
                <OL>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.11.1">Differences between Pd and MAX</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.11.2">Running Pd inside MAX with the [pd~] external</A>
                    <LI> <A href="resources/chapter2.htm#s2.11.3">The Cyclone library</A>
                </OL>
        </OL>
    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm" id="s3"><b>Installing and configuring Pd</b></A>
        <OL>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.1">Installing Pd</A>
                <ol>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.1.1">macOS</A>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.1.2">Microsoft Windows</A>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.1.3">Linux</A>
                </ol>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.2">Running Pd via the command line</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.3">Testing and configuring Audio and MIDI</A>
                <ol>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.3.1">Audio settings</A>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.3.2">MIDI settings</A>
                </ol>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4">Path and startup</A>
                <ol>
                    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1">Startup flags</A>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1.1">Font flags</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1.2">Path flag</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1.3">Flags for Audio and MIDI multiple devices and
                                    sleepgrain</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1.4">Sample rate flag</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter3.htm#s3.4.1.5">Audio buffer size and block size flags</a>
                        </ol>
                </ol>
        </OL>
    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm" id="s4"><b>Externals</b></a>
        <ol>
            <li><a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1">External objects & libraries</a>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.1">Vanilla objects, internals & externals </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.2">Types of external objects </a>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.2.1">Compiled objects</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.2.2">Abstractions</a>
                        </ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.3">External libraries</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.4">Types of external libraries</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.1.5">Wrapping up section 4.1</a>
                </ol>
            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.2">GUI (.tcl) plugins</a>
            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.3">Installing externals and GUI plugins</a>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.3.1">Where to include externals and GUI plugins </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.3.2">How to download externals and GUI plugins from Pd</a>
                </ol>
            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4">Loading externals</a>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.1">Using the [declare] object</a>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.1.1">[declare -path] </a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.1.2">[declare -lib] </a>
                        </ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.2">Load via path and startup</a>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.2.1">User added path</a>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.2.2">Startup </a>
                        </ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.4.3">Load using slash declarations</a>
                </ol>
            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.5">How external binaries are loaded </a>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.5.1">Overriding objects (externals and native)</a>
                </ol>
            <li> <a href="resources/chapter4.htm#s4.6">Search order in Pd for objects and files</a>
        </OL>
    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter5.htm" id="s5"><b>Current status</b></A>
        <OL>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter5.htm#s5.1">Release notes</A>
        </OL>
    <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm" id="s6"><b>Building Pd from source</b></A>
        <OL>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.1">Requirements</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.2">General autotools build steps</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.3">Building Pd for Linux</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.4">Building Pd for BSD</A>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.4.1">FreeBSD</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.4.2">OpenBSD </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.4.3">NetBSD </a>
                </ol>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5">Building Pd for macOS</A>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.1">macOS app bundle</a>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.1.1">macOS App bundle helpers</a>
                        </ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.2">Supplementary macOS build scripts</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.3">Preferences </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.4">Code signing</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.5">Privacy permissions </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.6">Font issues with macOS 10.15+ </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.7">Dark mode</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.5.8">Debugging releases</a>
                </ol>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6">Building Pd for Microsoft Windows</A>
                <ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6.1">Building a Pd application</a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6.2">Pd application directory</a>
                        <ol>
                            <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6.2.1">Windows app bundle helpers</a>
                        </ol>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6.3">pdfontloader </a>
                    <li> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.6.4">ASIO support</a>
                </ol>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.7">Cross-compilation for Windows on Linux</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.8">Makefile build</A>
            <LI> <a href="resources/chapter6.htm#s6.9">Troubleshooting</A>
        </OL>
</OL>
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